Thermal laser evaporation of elements from across the periodic table

The authors propose and demonstrate that thermal laser evaporation can be applied to all solid, nonradioactive elements in the periodic table. By depositing thin films, they achieve growth rates exceeding 1 Å/s with output powers less than 500 W using identical beam parameters for many different elements. source temperature is found vary linearly power within examined range. High are possible free-standing sources most of tested, eliminating need crucibles.